水文监测系统（国外英文资料）.docVIP

水文监测系统（国外英文资料） Hydrologic monitoring system Scope and content of hydrological monitoring: Hydrologic monitoring is the integration of hydrologic sensor technology with collection, storage, transmission and processing technology. Monitoring: hydrological parameters such as river, river, lake, reservoir, channel and groundwater. Monitoring contents: water level, flow rate, velocity, rain (snow), evaporation, silt, ice, moisture, water quality, etc. The problem of artificial monitoring technology: From the analysis of the hydrological tradition, the following problems are mainly present: (1) the recording mode is based on the analog method, which is also very difficult to input computer processing in digital form. (2) it is easy and wrong to deal with basic human processing. (3) the data collection, transmission and processing of hydrological information are poor in real time and accuracy, and cannot meet the requirements of modern hydrology. Therefore, the development of hydrological monitoring automation should be promoted with automation technology. The collection and transmission of water level The water level sensor for automatic monitoring is mainly floating type water level meter, pressure water level meter, electronic water meter and ultrasonic water level meter etc. These sensors can be directly received from RTU to automatically monitor the water level parameters. The monitoring of water tables is the same as the surface water. At present, the data communication between provincial hydrological monitoring stations and the collection points is mainly transmitted by manual transcribing or PSTN telephone line. When transmitting data over telephone lines, the speed is slow and the cost is high because each dial needs to wait. At the same time, because of the wide distribution, number, point to point distance, individual points is remote, so need to apply for a lot of telephone lines, and some point to the cable lines are hard to reach. GPRS has a fast and low cos