地理信息系统导论chap05.ppt

* CHAPTER 5 GIS DATA ACQUISITION 5.1 Existing GIS Data 5.1.1 Geoportals Box 5.1 Clearinghouse and Portal 5.1.2 U.S. Geological Survey 5.1.3 U.S. Census Bureau 5.1.4 Natural Resources Conservation Service 5.1.5 Statewide Public Data: An Example 5.1.6 Metropolitan Public Data: An Example 5.1.7 County-Level Public Data: An Example 5.1.8 GIS Data from Private Companies 5.2 Metadata Box 5.2 ISO Metadata Standards 5.3 Conversion of Existing Data 5.3.1 Direct Translation 5.3.2 Neutral Format Box 5.3 Difficulty with Neutral Format 5.4 Creating New Data 5.4.1 Remotely Sensed Data 5.4.2 Field Data Box 5.4 An Example of GPS Data Box 5.5 GPS Tracker Box 5.6 Positional Accuracy of GPS-Enabled Mobile Phones 5.4.3 Text Files with x-, y-Coordinates 5.4.4 Digitizing Using a Digitizing Table 5.4.5 Scanning 5.4.6 On-Screen Digitizing 5.4.7 Importance of Source Maps Key Concepts and Terms Review Questions Applications: Data Input Task 1: Download USGS DEM from the Internet Task 2: Digitize On-Screen in ArcMap Task 3: Add X Y Data in ArcMap Task 4: Download Census Bureau KML File and Display it in Google Earth Challenge Task References Existing GIS Data Since the early 1990s, government agencies at different levels in the United States have set up websites for sharing public data and for directing users to the source of the desired Information. Geoportals A geoportal is a website that offers multiple services, including links to data services, news, references, a community forum, and often an interactive data viewer. Examples of geoportals in the United States include D, which allows access to U.S. Federal Executive Branch datasets, and Geospatial Platform, which allows users to create maps by combining their own data with public-domain data. Existing GIS Data Federal Geographic Data Committee / D / Geospatial Platform / INSPIRE http://inspire.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ U.S. Geological Survey public data /pubprod/ U.S. Census Bureau MAF/TIGER database and KML prototype files / Natural Resourc