初中英语语法：主谓一致.docVIP

初中英语语法（主谓一致） 主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。主谓一致要遵循三条原则：语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。 一、复习要点： 1．语法一致的原则：语法一致的原则就是指主语和谓语动词保持语法形式上的一致，即主语为单数形式，谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也采用复数形式。 ⑴ 单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句用作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。主语为复数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： His father works for a computer company. 他的父亲在一家电脑公司工作。 Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.? 在阳光下看书对眼睛有害。 What he said is very important for us all.? 他所说的话对我们大家都很重要。 ⑵ 由连词and或both… and连接的并列主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。例如： New York and Boston are American cities.? 纽约和波士顿是美国城市。 Both she and her sister like drawing pictures.? 她和她的姐姐都喜欢画画 ⑶ 由“a… and a half, more than one ＋名词” “one and a half + 名词”, 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如: Only one and a half apples is left on the table. 注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如: One or two places have been visited. 参观了一两个地点构成的主语，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词要用单数形式。例如： A month and a half has passed since I saw him. 自从我见到他，已经过去一个半月了。 More than one person here is going to find a new job.? 这里不止一人准备找新工作。 ⑷ 主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；如果主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。例如： Mr Green, together with his wife, has come to China. The students as well as their teacher were playing a game on the playground.? No one except the teachers knows the answer.? 除了老师没有人知道答案。 She, like you and Tom, is very tall.? 她跟你和汤姆一样个子都很高。 ⑸ 主语为表示两部分构成的物体的名词（如：glasses, jeans, pants, scissors, trousers等）时，谓语动词用复数形式。但如果它们前面用了a pair of，谓语动词的数取决于pair的单复数形式。例如： My blue trousers have worn out.? 我的蓝裤子已经穿破了。 This pair of scissors is China-made.? 这把剪刀是中国制造的。 Here are some new pairs of shoes.? 这里有几双新鞋。 ⑹ 主语为“the number of ＋复数名词”时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为“a number of ＋复数名词”时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： The number of cars is increasing.? 汽车的数目正在增长。 There were a number of people out this afternoon.? 今天下午有很多人外出。 A great number of migrant workers have entered the city.? 大批的民工涌入了城市。 ⑺ each或由some, any, every, no构成的复合代词用作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： Each of us has a new dictionary.? 我们每一个人都有一本新词典。 Somebody is looking for you.? 有人在找你。 Everybody is doing his best.? 人人都在尽力而为。 There’s not