考研翻译 6-讲：英汉互译实践与技巧.pptVIP

第六讲 Conversion 转换 一、教学重点： 1. 词类和句子成分转换 2. 转换的必要性和灵活应用 二、教学内容： 1. 英译汉的常用词类转换形式 2. 汉译英的词类转换 Ⅰ. Conversion in English-Chinese Translation英译汉的常用词类转换形式 1、Converting into Verbs Families upstairs have to carry pails to the hydrant downstairs for water. 住在楼上的人家得提着水桶去楼下的水龙头打水。 1） Nouns Converted into Verbs The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing. 看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，我感到心驰神往。 Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭己被用来探索宇宙。 Ⅰ. Conversion in English-Chinese Translation英译汉的常用词类转换形式 2） Prepositions Converted into Verbs A force is needed to move an object against inertia. 为使物体克服惯性而运动 ，就需要个外力。 Party officials worked long hours on meager food, in cold caves, by dim lamps. 党的干部每天长时间工作 ，吃的是粗茶淡饭，住的是冰冷的窑洞 ，点的是昏暗的油灯。 3） Adjectives Converted into Verbs Doctors have said that they are not sure they can save his life. 医生说他们不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。 The fact that she was able to send a message was a hint. But I had to be cautious. 她能够给我带个信儿这件事就是个暗示， 但是我必须小心谨慎。 4）Adverbs Converted into Verbs When the switch is off, the circuit is open and electricity doesnt go through. 当开关断开时，电路就形成开路，电流不能通过。 In this case the temperature in the furnace is up. 这种情况下，炉温就升高。 2、Converting into Nouns 1） Verbs Converted into Nouns Such materials are characterized by good insulation and high resistance to wear. 这些材料的特点是：绝缘性好，耐磨性强。 The design aims at automatic operation, easy regulation, simple maintenance and high productivity. 设计的目的在于自动操作，调节方便，维护简易，生产率高。 2） Adjectives Converted into Nouns They did their best to help the sick and the wounded. 他们尽了最大的努力帮助病号和伤员。 In the fission process the fission fragments are very radioactive. 在裂变过程中 ，裂变碎片具有强烈的放射性。 Ⅰ. Conversion in English-Chinese Translation英译汉的常用词类转换形式 3） Pronouns Converted into Nouns The specific resistance of iron is not so small as tha