科技英语第七章.pptVIP

Sec.1 The infinitive As the subject It is necessary/possible/a simple matter to do sth. It proves convenient to do sth. It helps/works/suffices to do sth. It takes sb. st. to do sth./It does sb. good to do sth. It +passive voice+ to do sth. Translation 我们必须掌握好基尔霍夫定律。 科学家不能说出黑洞内发生了什么。 证明这个公式成立就留作习题。 若想要增加热流，就需要增大hS积。 As the object 这一问题值得研究。 这就使得确定目标的方位容易了 。 我们认为必须确定这个角度。 As the predicative When the subject is “task/duty/purpose/objective/goal” As the adverbial Mainly expressing purpose 为此 我们做了许多实验来检验这一理论。 计算机被用来存储信息。 As the attribute Expressing 将，将要 R是所要测定的电阻。 要执行的程序储存在这一单元中。 When the noun is modified by an ordinal number 第一个使用这个方法的人 When the root of the noun is collocated with an infinite phrase: 做某事的能力/决定/计划 Special case when the infinitive phase is used as an attribute Will you please give me a pen to write with? Each member has a switch with which to indicate a Yes or No vote. Translation 这山谷用作为建坝的基础. 这实验室中有许多种仪表供学生选用。 The complex infinitive Try to translate the following sentence 为了使晶体管（能够）正常工作，必须给其电极加上合适的电压。 More examples For the arithmetic unit to be able to do its required task, it must be told what to do. For there to be life, there must be air and water. Translation 为使该级数收敛, x必须小于1。 为使该电流达到其最大值，… The reflexive infinitive This concept is very easy _________ (understand). We find this theory difficult _________ (explain). Translation 操作系统应该易于设计，实现和维护。 分时系统建立起来是很贵的。 Some set phrases The ability/capacity of … to do… The tendency of… to do… The desire of… to do… Translation 人类要成功地控制自然界的各种力的愿望，一直是整个历史进步的催化剂。 有好几个因素影响电容器储存电荷的能力。 弹性可以被定义为物体在形变后恢复其原状的趋势。 Sec. 2 The participle As an modifier Mistakes Chinese students often make: 所产生的电流: the resulted current 所存在的问题: the problem existed 保留下来的问题 the problem remained The differences between the present participle and the past participle as seen from their forms A writing technique A Chinese version with a verb and “的” can, in most cases, be translated into a participle o