动词不定式考查热点.docVIP

动词不定式考查热点 动词不定式考查热点 动词不定式（短语）是非谓语动词的一种, 在句中常作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补足语等，且有时态、语态等形式的变化。不定式用法多样，形式灵活，因而成为历年高考的热点。现结合高考真题将有关问题解析如下。 　　一、考查动词不定式（短语）的句法功能 　　(一）作主语 　　动词不定式可以作句子的主语，这时谓语动词用单数。若不定式主语较长，常用it来代替它作形式主语，而将真实主语不定式短语移到谓语之后，以免句子结构头重脚轻。如： 　　1. When and where to build the new factory ____ yet. 　　 A. is not decided B. are not decided 　　 C. has not decided D. have not decided (91国) 2. I love to go to the seaside in summer. It ____ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cold sea. 　　 A. does B. feels C. gets D. makes (96国) 　　动词不定式作主语时，it为形式主语的常见句型有： 　　① It is easy /difficult/hard /important/right/ wrong/ possible/ necessary, /foolish/ kind...to do... 　　②It is a pleasure /pity/ pleasant thing/ an honour...to do... 　　③It takes (sb.) some time to do... 　　(二）作宾语 　　有些及物动词常跟动词不定式作宾语，这些动词有：like, want, try, wish, begin, decide, ask , forget, promise, hope, love, offer, refuse 等。如： 　　3. I don’t want ____ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair. 　　A. to sound B. to be sounded 　　C. sounding D. to have sounded （05津) 　　4. They’re not very good, but we like ____. 　　A. anyway to play basketball with them 　　B. to play basketball with them anyway 　　C. to play with them basketball anyway 　　D. with them to play basketball anyway (00沪) 　　有些动词后面跟复合宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正宾语 ——不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后。这类动词常见的有find(发现)，think(认为)，consider(认为)，feel(觉得)，make(使得)等。如： 　　Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 马克思觉得研究俄国形势很重要。 　　（三）作补足语 　　不定式可与名词或代词构成复合宾语，这时不定式作宾语补足语。此情况分以下三种： 　　① 带to的不定式作宾语补足语 　　要求这种结构的动词主要有：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, drive, encourage, expect, force, invite, like, love, teach, oblige, order, persuade, request, require, tell, want 等。如： 　　5. My advisor encouraged ____ a summer course to improve my writing skills. 　　A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take（04京) ② 不带to