肾内科实习知识小结(国外英文资料).docVIP

肾内科实习知识小结(国外英文资料) Kidney medical intern knowledge summary Definition of hemodialysis imbalance syndrome Clinical syndromes that occur shortly after dialysis or dialysis are characterized by neuropsychiatric symptoms. The light person only has anxiety and anxiety, headache, can be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, increased pulse and heart rate, etc. The moderator may have the symptoms of myoclonic, tremor, disorientation, narcolepsy, etc. Heavy people can be epileptic seizures, coma, and even death. Pathogenesis is not fully clear, is considered mainly originated from the blood retention, metabolites to remove too fast, solute (as highlighted by urea) concentration in cerebrospinal fluid in a relatively slow decline, form the concentration difference, cause water to intracranial metastases, produced by cerebral edema and intracranial pressure characteristics of clinical syndrome, which is also called the urea transfer hypothesis. And was quickly corrected for acidemia, PCO2 corresponding rise in the blood, which can quickly diffuse into the cerebrospinal fluid, and the HCO3 - mobile is relatively slow, blood acidosis was correct and aggravate the brain acidosis, the latter may aggravate the brain edema. In addition, there are several hypotheses, such as glucose transfer and osmotic concentration. Clinically, this syndrome is seen in patients who have recently received hemodialysis for severe nitrogen and acid poisoning. This disease should be identified with hypertensive encephalopathy, dural hematoma, cerebrovascular accident, dialysis hypercalcemia and hard water syndrome. In order to be able to be treated with hypertonic solution and treatment, serious people should stop dialysis and provide timely life-support measures. Use of nitroglycerin injection Nitroglycerin preparation is a drug that ACTS as a therapeutic agent by dilating veins and arteries. Coronary heart disease angina pectoris and heart failure can be through the veins, arteries and red