考研英语语法补充.docVIP

7.1 定语后置 ? 我们知道，在英语中，名词与其后置定语一般要紧靠在一起的。定语后置，指的是中心名词与其后置定语被其他成分隔开。这就类似于上述讨论的动词与其宾语被分隔一样。请看例句： 1. 2001年阅读第一篇 As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. 作为一个这种发展的逻辑性的结果， 本句定语结构关系是：As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership，即分词短语aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership修饰名词journals。 这样发展的必然结果是出现针对专业的读者和业余读者的不同杂志。 ? 2. 2005年阅读第二篇 Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that its OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure. 本句定语结构关系是：Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it’s Ok to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure，即分词短语insisting that...incomplete，that its OK to...for sure修饰名词voices。 正如在对抽烟问题上的看法一样，来自很多地方的声音坚持强调科学关于全球变暖的证据不足，认为在还没有确切证据之前，我们可以把烟尘释放到空气中。 ? ? 3.1999年第74题 There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry. 本句定语结构关系是：There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry，即形容词短语peculiar to historical work in general修饰名词concepts，形容词短语appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry修饰名词techniques。这两个形容词短语都是后置修饰。 所谓方法是指一般历史研究中的特有概念，还是指历史探究中各个具体领域适用的研究手段，人们对此意见不一。 ? 7.2 宾语后置 类型1：“动词+介词短语+宾语” Pro Liu has named as his duty the activity of helping others. 这种宾语后置型结构是由“动词+宾语+介词短语”演变而来的。这个宾语后置型结构有两点需要我们注意：一是，这里的介词短语通常作状语，修饰谓语动词。二是，这里的介词往往与动词构成搭配，比如下面各例句中出现的bring...to...，recommend...to..．, elect...as.．, define...as..., extract...from...等等。当然，也有个别介词不与动词 ? 1. 2006年第46题 I