全面剖析C#接口编程之定义接口.doc

全面剖析C#接口编程之定义接口 二 2008年07月24日 星期四 下午 03:04 什么是接口？其实，接口简单理解就是一种约定，使得实现接口的类或结构在形式上保持一致。个人觉得，使用接口可以使程序更加清晰和条理化，这就是接口的好处，但并不是所有的编程语言都支持接口，C#是支持接口的。注意，虽然在概念上，C#接口类似于COM接口，但他们的底层结构是不同的。那么，我们来看一下如何声明和使用接口。　　声明接口　　声明接口在语法上和声明抽象类完全相同，例如这里有一个银行账户的接口：　　 public interface IBankAccount{????void PayIn(decimal amount);????bool Withdraw(decimal amount);????decimal Balance???? {????????get;???? }} 　　使用接口的例子　　一个银行账户的接口，两个不同银行账户的实现类，都继承于这个接口。接口声明如上。下面是两个账户类： class SaverAccount : IBankAccount{????private decimal balance;????public decimal Balance???? {????????get ???????? {???????????? return balance;???????????? }???? }????public void PayIn(decimal amount)???? {???????? balance += amount;???? }????public bool Withdraw(decimal amount)???? {????????if (balance = amount)???????? {???????????? balance -= amount;????????????return true;???????? }???????? Console.WriteLine(Withdraw failed.);????????return false;???? }????public override string ToString()???? {????????return String.Format(Venus Bank Saver:Balance={0,6:C}, balance);???? }} class GoldAccount : IBankAccount{????private decimal balance;????public decimal Balance???? {????????get ???????? {???????????? return balance;???????? }???? }????public void PayIn(decimal amount)???? {???????? balance += amount;???? }????public bool Withdraw(decimal amount)???? {????????if (balance = amount)???????? {???????????? balance -= amount;????????????return true;???????? }???????? Console.WriteLine(Withdraw failed.);????????return false;???? }????public override string ToString()???? {????????return String.Format(Jupiter Bank Saver:Balance={0,6:C}, balance);???? }} 　　可见，这两个实现类多继承了IBankAccount接口，因此它们必须要实现接口中的所有声明的方法。要不然，编译就会出错。 static void Main(string[] args){????IBankAccount venusAccount = new SaverAccount();????IBankAccount jupiterAccount = new CurrentAccount();???? venusAccount.PayIn(200);???? jupiterAccount.PayIn(500);???? Console.WriteLine(venusAccount.ToStrin