SOCKET及其编程精要.doc

SOCKET及其编程 从套接字上得到扩展的更为可靠的出错信息在前一篇中，我们提到在对端主机上没有创建指定的UDP套接字时，我们向其发送一个UDP包，会得到一个目的端口不可达的ICMP出错报文。但内核在处理完该报文后，给应用程序仅仅返回一个ECONNREFUSED错误号，所以应用程序能知道的全部信息就是连接被拒绝，至于为什么被拒绝，没有办法知道。我们可以通过套接字选项的设置，让内核返回更为详细的出错信息，以利于调试程序，发现问题。下面是通过套接字选项传递扩展出错信息的一个示例程序。关于内核原理的分析，在下一篇给出。#include sys/socket.h#include linux/types.h#include linux/errqueue.h#include sys/ioctl.h#include my_inet.h#include stdio.h#include errno.h#include string.h#include arpa/inet.h#include unistd.hint ip_control_msg( struct cmsghdr *msg ){??? int ret = 0;??? switch( msg-cmsg_type ){??? case IP_RECVERR:??????? {??????????? struct sock_extended_err *exterr;??????????? exterr = (struct sock_extended_err *)(CMSG_DATA(msg));??????????? printf(ee_errno: %u\n, exterr-ee_errno );??????????? printf(ee_origin: %u\n, exterr-ee_origin );??????????? printf(ee_type: %u\n, exterr-ee_type );??????????? printf(ee_code: %u\n, exterr-ee_code );??????????? printf(ee_pad: %u\n, exterr-ee_pad );??????????? printf(ee_info: %u\n, exterr-ee_info );??????????? printf(ee_data: %u\n, exterr-ee_data );??????? }??????? ret = -1;??????? break;??? default:??????? break;??? }??? return ret;}int control_msg( struct msghdr *msg ){??? int ret = 0;??? struct cmsghdr *control_msg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR( msg );??? while( control_msg != NULL ){??????? switch( control_msg-cmsg_level ){??????? case SOL_IP:??????????? ret = ip_control_msg( control_msg );??????????? break;??????? default:??????????? break;??????? }??????? control_msg = CMSG_NXTHDR( msg, control_msg );??? }??? return ret;}int main(){??? int i;??? struct sockaddr_in dest;??? dest.sin_family = MY_PF_INET;??? dest.sin_port = htons(16000);??? dest.sin_addr.s_addr = 0x013010AC;??? int fd = socket( MY_PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, MY_IPPROTO_UDP );??? if( fd 0 ){??????? perror(socket: );??????? return -1;??? }??? if( connect( fd, (struct sockaddr*)dest, sizeof(dest) ) 0 ){??????? perror(connect: );??????? return -1;??? }??? int val = 1;??? if