中温乳化肠中凝结芽孢杆菌芽孢萌发及热致死规律.docVIP

中温乳化肠中凝结芽孢杆菌芽孢萌发及热致死规律 　　摘 要：从中温乳化香肠中筛选出一株凝结芽孢杆菌芽孢，以20 种氨基酸、D-果糖、D-葡萄糖、氯化钾为萌发剂，通过相差显微镜及生长曲线测定仪测定600 nm波长下光密度值，研究该芽孢萌发规律，同时研究7 种防腐剂对芽孢萌发效果影响及不同温度热胁迫处理后的芽孢致死率。结果表明：葡萄糖可以促进凝结芽孢杆菌芽孢萌发，增大其浓度对芽孢萌发率无影响；绘制了芽孢萌发率标准曲线，相关系数为0.977 8；亚硝酸钠、山梨酸钾、乳酸链球菌素（nisin）和脱氢乙酸钠对芽孢萌发无影响，乳酸钠、葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯和双乙酸钠可以抑制芽孢萌发；采用90 ℃及95 ℃对芽孢热胁迫致死效果较差，100 ℃热处理最高致死率可达92.09%，105～120 ℃热胁迫处理对该芽孢致死率在15 min内可以接近100% 关键词：凝结芽孢杆菌芽孢；芽孢萌发；生长规律；热胁迫；致死率；防腐剂 Abstract： The spore germination of a Bacillus coagulans stain isolated from medium-temperature sterilized emulsified sausage was investigated using 20 amino acids， D-fructose， D-glucose and potassium chloride as germination inducers by phase contrast microscopic morphology observation and measurement of optical density （OD） values at 600 nm with a Bioscreen growth analyzer. Also， we examined the effect of seven preservatives on spore germination and we evaluated spore inactivation after heat treatment at different temperatures. Results showed that glucose could promote the germination of Bacillus coagulans spore， and the spore germination percentage did not changed with increasing glucose concentration. A standard curve with a correlation coefficient of 0.977 8 was established to determine the spore germination percentage. Sodium nitrite， potassium sorbate， nisin and dehydrogenation sodium acetate had no effects on spore germination， whereas sodium lactate， glucose acid-δ-lactone and sodium acetate could inhibit spore germination. When treated at 100 ℃， the inactivation percentage was up to 92.09%， and at 105?C120 ℃， the value was almost 100% within 15 min； however， the spores were not effectively inactivated at 90 and 95 ℃. Key words： Bacillus coagulans spore； spore germination； growth pattern； heat stress； inactivation percentage； preservative DOI：10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201704003 中图分类号：TS251.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1001-8123（2017）04-0010-07 引文格式： 李素， ??顺亮， 潘晓倩， 等. 中温乳化肠中凝结芽孢杆菌芽孢萌发及热致死规律[J]. 肉类研究， 2017， 31（4）： 10-16. DOI：10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201704003. http