读书报告10_细菌促进镉在冲积砾石含水介质中运输的试验研究.ppt

 ENVIRON. QUAL 细菌促进镉在冲积砾石含水介质中运输的试验研究 A Laboratory Study of Bacteria-Facilitated Cadmium Transport in Alluvial Gravel Aquifer Media 主要内容 1.前言 2.材料与方法 3.结果与讨论 4.结论 前言 Colloids (e.g., microbes, humic substances, claysand metal oxides) have an affinity for heavy metals because their surfaces are oppositely charged and colloids have high adsorption capacities. 胶体（例如微生物、腐殖质、粘粒、金属氧化物）与重金属带有相反电荷，并且胶体本身有较强的吸附能力，所以胶体和重金属之间有一定的亲和力。 the transport velocity of heavy metals adsorbed to colloids can either be enhanced or inhibited relative to dissolved metals, depending on the behavior of the colloids to which they are attached. The transport velocity of heavy metals adsorbed onto the mobile colloids can be dramatically accelerated because colloids that travel through highly permeable large pores can travel faster than conservative tracers . 相对于可溶性金属，根据胶体对重金属的吸附行为，重金属吸附到胶体时的转运速率可以被增强或抑制。重金属吸附到可移动胶体的运输速率可以急剧增加是因为它穿过高渗透的大孔隙比保守的示踪化合物要快。例如，有胶体存在时，Cu和zn的传输速率增加了5-50倍，铅的传输速率增加了10-3000倍。 Bacteria are important colloids that can affect heavy metal transport in the subsurface environment. Bacterial surfaces are often negatively charged in natural environments and their surfaces display functional groups that effectively bind dissolved cationic metals. Concentrations of bacteria in ground water can be very high, particularly if the aquifer is affected by human activities. For example, bacterial concentrations can be as high as 104 cfu/mL in ground water that has been contaminated by septic tank effluent and on the order of 103cfu/mL in landfill leachate . 细菌是很重要的胶体，它能够影响重金属在地下的运输。在自然条件下，细菌表面通常带负电，并且它的表面可以有效地结合金属阳离子。尤其是被人类活动影响的含水层，地下水中细菌浓度就会非常高。比如，化粪池废水污染的地下