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Introduction to Translation 1、翻译的概念 2、翻译的性质 3、翻译在外语教学中的地位 4、翻译与其他学科的关系 5、翻译的分类 6、译者的素养 7、翻译市场的现状 8、翻译工具箱 1、 翻译的概念 翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整的重新表达出来的语言活动。 ---张培基（1980） Catford Translation may be defined as follows: the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL). Peter Newmark Translation is a craft consisting in the attempt to replace a written message and/or statement in one language by the same message and/or statement in another language. (Translating) is rendering the meaning of a text into