UNIT 4 hydro-electric power.pptx

UNIT 4 Hydro-Electric Power;Faraday had shown that when a coil is rotated in a magnetic field electricity is generated. Thus, in order to produce electrical energy, it is necessary that we should produce mechanical energy, which can be used to rotate the ‘coil’. 法拉第曾经指出：线圈在磁场中旋转，就产生了电。 因此，为了获得电能，我们必须产生使“线圈”旋转的机械能。; The mechanical energy is produced by running a prime mover (known as turbine ) by the energy of fuels or flowing water. 用燃料或流水的能量带动原动机（称为涡轮机）就产生了机械能。 ; This mechanical power is converted into electrical power by electric generator which is directly coupled to the shaft of turbine and is thus run by turbine. 这种机械能转换成电能是通过电动机来实现的，电动机直接连接在涡轮机轴上，由涡轮机驱动。; The electrical power, which is consequently obtained at the terminals of the generator, is then transited to the area where it is to be used for doing work. 因此，就在发电机的出线端获得电能，然后输送到需要它做功的地区。 ; The plant or machinery which is required to produce electricity (i.e. prime mover +electric generator) is collectively known as power plant. 发电需要的装置或机械（即原动机+发电机）统称为动力设备。; The building, in which the entire machinery along with other auxiliary units is installed, is known as power house. 安置所有机械和其他辅助设施的建筑称为发电厂。 ;As stated earlier, the turbine blades can be made to run by the energy of fuels or flowing water. When fuel is used to produce steam for running the steam turbine, then the power generated is known as thermal power. 如上所述，涡轮机叶片是由燃料或流水的能量带动的。用燃料产生蒸汽驱动蒸汽涡轮机时，所产生的电称为火电。; The fuel which is to be used for generating steam may either be an ordinary fuel such as coal, fuel oil, etc., or atomic fuel or nuclear fuel. 由于产生蒸汽的燃料是一般燃料如煤、燃料油等，或是原子能燃料即核燃料。;Coal is simply burnt to produce steam from water and is the simplest and oldest type of fuel. Diesel oil, etc. may also be used as fuels for producing steam. 直接燃烧煤产生水蒸气，煤是最简便、最古老的一种燃料。柴油等也可以作为产生蒸汽的燃料。原子燃料如铀、钍也可用于产生蒸汽。;Atomic fuels such as uranium or thorium may also be used to produce steam. 原子燃料如铀、钍也可用于产生蒸汽。 When conventional type of fuels such s coal, oil, etc. (called fossi