曹雪芹英文简介.docVIP

曹雪芹简介曹雪芹(1715～1763)？清代小说家。名霑，字梦阮，雪芹是其号，又号芹圃、芹溪。祖籍辽阳，先世原是汉族，后为满洲正白旗“包衣”人。????曹雪芹的曾祖曹玺任江宁织造。曾祖母孙氏做过康熙帝玄烨的保姆。祖父曹寅做过玄烨的伴读和御前侍卫，后任江宁织造，兼任两淮巡盐监察御使，极受玄烨宠信。玄烨六下江南，其中四次由曹寅负责接驾，并住在曹家。曹寅病故，其子曹顒、曹頫先后继任江宁织造。他们祖孙三代四人担任此职达60年之久。曹雪芹自幼就是在这“秦淮风月”之地的“繁华”生活中长大的。????雍正初年，由于封建统治阶级内部政治斗争的牵连，曹家遭受一系列打击。曹頫以“行为不端”、“骚扰驿站”和“亏空”罪名革职，家产抄没。曹頫下狱治罪，“枷号”一年有余。这时，曹雪芹随着全家迁回北京居住。曹家从此一蹶不振，日渐衰微。????经历了生活中的重大转折,曹雪芹深感世态炎凉,对封建社会有了更清醒、更深刻的认识。他蔑视权贵，远离官场，过着贫困如洗的艰难日子。??????晚年,曹雪芹移居北京西郊。生活更加穷苦,“满径蓬蒿”,“举家食粥”。他以坚韧不拔的毅力,专心一志地从事《红楼梦》的写作和修订。乾隆二十七年 (1762)，幼子夭亡，他陷于过度的忧伤和悲痛，卧床不起。到了这一年的除夕(1763年2月12日),终于因贫病无医而逝世(关于曹雪芹逝世的年份，另有乾隆二十八年和二十九年两种说法)。　??????曹雪芹“身胖，头广而色黑”。他性格傲岸，愤世嫉俗，豪放不羁。嗜酒，才气纵横，善谈吐。曹雪芹是一位诗人。他的诗，立意新奇，风格近于唐代诗人李贺。他的友人敦诚曾称赞说：“爱君诗笔有奇气,直追昌谷破篱樊。”又说：“知君诗胆昔如铁,堪与刀颖交寒光。”但他的诗仅存题敦诚《琵琶行传奇》两句：“白傅诗灵应喜甚，定教蛮素鬼排场。”????曹雪芹又是一位画家，喜绘突兀奇峭的石头。敦敏《题芹圃画石》说：“傲骨如君世已奇，嶙峋更见此支离。醉余奋扫如椽笔。写出胸中块磊时。”可见他画石头时寄托了胸中郁积着的不平之气。曹雪芹的最大的贡献还在于小说的创作。他的小说《红楼梦》内容丰富，思想深刻，艺术精湛，把中国古典小说创作推向最高峰，在文学发展史上占有十分重要的地位。　????《红楼梦》是他“披阅十载，增删五次”，“字字看来皆是血，十年辛苦不寻常”的产物。可惜，在他生前,全书没有完稿。今传《红楼梦》120回本，其中前80回的绝大部分出于他的手笔，后40回则为他人所续。80回以后他已写出一部分初稿，但由于种种原因而没有流传下来。Paragraph 1] 1 Cao Xueqin was one of the most famous people in Chinese history. 2 He lived about three hundred years ago. 3 At that time, it was Qing Dynasty. 4 He was born in 1717 and died in1763. [Paragraph 2] 5 Cao Xueqin was born in a very rich family, as a result of his grandparents. 6 His grandfather was an officer, being believed by the emperor. 7 His grandmother was the emperor′s nanny. 8 But, there were something changed in his family ,after that, he lived a poor life. 9 Because of that, he had a good knowledge of the feudal society and kept away from the officialdom. [Paragraph 3] 10 In his later years, he was dedicated to writing his novel -- Dream of the red chamber. 11 Having read for ten years, he finally wrote a famous novel, deleting and adding five times. 12 Fortunately, his novel was known by people all over the world, known as one of the Four Classis. [Paragraph 4] 13 He was also a good poet and painte