不定式正误例析.doc

不定式正误例析 1. 误：The patients was warned to eat not oil food after the operation. The patient was warned not to eat oil food after the operation. 析：不定式的否定式应在 to do 前加 not . 2. 误：We agreed to have met here but so far she hasnt turned up yet. 正：We agreed to meet here but so far she hasnt turned up yet. 析：不定式的完成式表示动作已发生，由句意看出她还未露面，所以应该用一般式。 3. 误：Paul doesnt have to be made learn. He always works hard. 正：Paul doesnt have to be made to learn. He all ways works hard. 析：动词 feel , listen to , hear , have , make , let , see , watch , notice , look at , observe , 接不定式作宾补应省略 to，但在被动语态中应加上。 4. 误：The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to do. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. 析：在不定式作宾补或含有不定式的简单答语中，为避免重复，可省去其后的动词原形，但动词不定式符号不可省，又如 would like to , used to , be going to 等。 5. 误：Rather than to ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers riding a bicycle. 正：Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle. 析：prefer 的用法如下： prefer to do A rather than do B prefer doing A to doing B 6. 误：Tom ought not to tell me your secret, but he meant no harm. 正：Tom ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm. 析：ought to / should + have done sth. 表示本来应该做某事，而实际未做；ought not to / shouldnt + have done sth. 表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。 7. 误：Oh, its very cold here, lets make a fire warm ourselves up. 正：Oh, its very cold here; lets make a fire to warm ourselves up. 析：此处不定式短语作目的状语，相当于 in order to do或so as to do。 8. 误：As I got to Paris, she was beginning studying French in a language school. 正：As I got to Paris, she was beginning to study French in a language school. 析：begin 和 start 之后既可以接不定式作宾语，也可以接动名词作宾语，但以下三种情况只能接不定式作宾语 . 1 ) 物作主语；2 ) 本身是进行时态；3 ) 其后接的是表示心理变化的动词。 9. 误：— Id like to buy an expensive sports car. — Well , Mike , weve got several models to choose from . 正：-Id like to buy an expensive sports car.