麻疹和风疹腮腺炎-培训课件.pptVIP

* * * * * 改 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 按照扩大免疫规划培训教材编写要求，“重点疾病的预防控制 ”部分的编写要求，分为4部分 * * * * * * * * 麻疹、风疹、腮腺炎免疫预防实行2剂次麻疹－风疹－腮腺炎联合疫苗（麻风腮疫苗）免疫程序。最终全国实现麻风腮疫苗2剂次免疫程序。 考虑到目前麻风腮疫苗供应不足，采用过渡期免疫方案，即：8月龄接种麻疹-风疹联合疫苗；18～24月龄接种麻风腮疫苗，麻风腮疫苗供应不足的部分，使用麻疹-腮腺炎联合疫苗替代。 根据我国麻疹流行现状和2012年消除麻疹目标要求，使用麻疹疫苗开展强化免疫和应急免疫。 * * 按照扩大免疫规划培训教材编写要求，“重点疾病的预防控制 ”部分的编写要求，分为4部分 * * * 1. Less than one confirmed measles case reported per million population per year (excluding imported cases) - not applicable in countries with less than one million population; 2. Excellent surveillance with comprehensive reporting and investigation of all fever and rash cases and chains of transmission, as demonstrated by: (a) at least one suspected measles case reported per 100 000 population per year in at least 80% of districts (or equivalent, as used for AFP surveillance); (b) serum samples adequate for detecting measles IgM collected in at least 80% of suspected measles cases (excluding from the denominator cases that are epidemiologically linked to a laboratory-confirmed case); and (c) viral isolate obtained from every confirmed chain of transmission (for genotyping to help identify source of virus); and 3. Maintaining 95% immunity to measles in each cohort in every district, as demonstrated by: (a) at least 95% coverage with two doses of measles-containing vaccine; and (b) importations lead only to small outbreaks ( 100 cases, three months duration). * * * Globally 4 regions have measles elimination goals- the target dates range from 2000 – 2012; The Western Pacific Region is the most recent region to accept the challenge to eliminate measles - by 2012. * * * 按照扩大免疫规划培训教材编写要求，“重点疾病的预防控制 ”部分的编写要求，分为4部分 * * * * * Reported routine measles vaccination coverage for the region4 was 94% in 2000, 96% in 2001, and 92% in 2002. In 2002, reported routine coverage ranged from 51% in the Latin American/Caribbean subregion[1] (Table 1) to 99% in the Southern Cone subregion. At the country level, 28 countri