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非限定形式： 不定式(Infinitive) -ing分词(-Ing Participle) -ed分词（-ed Participle ） 不定式 1.不定式的体、态和否定形式、被动态 2.带to不定式与不带to不定式 3.不定式符号to的省略 4.不定式符号to与介词to的辨别 1.不定式的体、态和否定形式、被动态 不定式不带“时”的形态，也不受主语“人称”和“数”的制约，但有“体”、“态”的形式变化 一般形式(to do) I have a lot of work to do. 进行体形式(to be writing) She had no need to be worrying. 完成体形式(to have written) He is said to have left Shanghai. 完成进行体(to have been writing) The president was reported to have been flying across the Atlantic. 不定式的否定形式通常是在to之前加not、never等否定词 We decided not to buy that house She wished never to see him again. 不定式的被动态:to be + ed 分词/to have been + -ed分词 The matter to be discussed at the meeting is a hurt to crack. 2.带to不定式与不带to不定式 不定式分为带to不定式和不带to不定式。不定式通常带to,但某些搭配中不带to，有些可带可不带。因此，我们需要归纳不带to的。 a.在情态动词之后用不带to不定式。 You must do as you’re told. 但是边际助动词如dare / need 有所不同 例：I daren’t go there.(作情态助动词) I do not dare to go there.(作主动词) 边际情态助动词作情态动词时不跟to，作主动词是带to b. 在半助动词（P210）之后用不带to不定式。 例：it’s sure to rain。 c.在情态成语之后 would rather/would sooner/would (just) as soon 宁愿 may/might (just) as well 不妨，可以 cannot but/cannot help but 不能不，不由得不 例：I‘d sooner stay at home. would rather/would sooner/would (just) as soon + than/as分句 d. Rather than/sooner than(置于句首) +不带to不定式。 作“宁可……而不”解释。 例：Rather than cause trouble , he left. 其他见书本（p221）（看不懂A！） +不带to不定式 3.不定式符号to的省略 当两个带to不定式由and或or连接时，第二个不定式符号常可省略 I intend to call on him and discuss this question again. 但若两个并列的带to不定式有对比含义，第二个不定式符号不能省略 To be, or not to be, that is the question . 在不用并列连词的情况下，第二个不定式符也不能省略。 Please go to the seaside to swim, to get suntanned. 当三个或三个以上带to不定式构成排比结构时，所有的不定式 符号均需保留， Read not to contradict or confute, nor to believe and take for granted, nor to find talk and discourse. 4.不定式符号to与介词to的辨别 To 有不定式用法，也有介词to。我们经常会混淆两者。解决这一问题的办法是熟悉一些常见的含介词to的搭配。 a.动词+介词to+doing（p226） 特殊的是agree，swear, come, get若接不定式则含义不同 b.动词+名