英语国家概况英国部分chaptre2Economy.ppt

Contents Three branches of Economy: agriculture, industry, Service ( tertiary industries). The role the British government plays on British Economy. ? Britain has a“ mixed economy ”I ．e．an economy in which there is some public ownership as well as privately owned businesses．All 0f which operate within the context of well-defined regulations and laws．During the twentieth century the government has become increasingly involved in the economy through the introduction of social welfare policies and laws to regulate industrial relations．In 1945,as part of its policy to achieve full employment．the Labor government began to nationalize key industries such as coal，steel，and trans—port．By 1970s，under the premiership of Margaret Thatcher．beating inflation became the primary objective and the trend to sell back these key industries to the private sector began． II Answer the questions 1.What is the Conservative Party’s solution to the economic problems in the 1970s? Was it successful? Result:It has achieved some success but unemployment is still high. The government also tries to fine tune the economy by adjusting monetary and fiscal policies. The Historical Division of Britain’s Economic Development a. A period of Empire (1701-1944) b. A period of Decline (1944-1989) c. A period of Europeanism (1990-present)—relationship with EU. 2. How do the country’s natural conditions influence its agricultural production? Questions for discussion 2. How do the country’s natural conditions influence its agricultural production? Britain’s mild climate has provided the country with a favorable environment for agriculture and animal husbandry. Although the country’s land surface is small compared with other European nations, its agriculture is intense and highly productive. European Union The European Union (EU) is a union of twenty-seven independent states based on the European Communities and founded to enhance political, economic and social co-operation. Formerly known as Eu