如何做所给词的适当形式填空.docVIP

如何做用所给词的适当形式填空 用所给词的适当形式填空是中考常见的试题类型之一，旨在考查学生的英语基础知识和综合运用英语的能力。 解此类型的试题可遵循以下步骤： 1.明确所给词的词性 2.弄清所给句子的意思 3.确定空白处所需的词性 4.正确写出所填的词 用所给词的适当形式填空主要考查以下词类： 一. 对名词的考查 1.考查名词的单数形式转换成复数形式： (1).名词的单数形式转换成复数形式(规则变化) = 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①一般情况下直接在单数名词之后加-s变为复数名词。例如：desk→ desks , key →keys , monkey →monkeys , boy →boys等 = 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②以-x,-s,-ch ,-sh ,结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时，在单数名词之后加-es。例如：fox→ foxes , boss →bosses , bus →buses, class → classes, dress → dresses, witness → witnesses, address → addresses, beach → beaches, coach → coaches , couch → couches ,inch → inches ,sandwich → sandwiches , church → churches ,watch → watches ,match → matches ,speech →speeches ,witch → witches ,dish →dishes ,brush →brushes ,goldfish →goldfish, fish→ fishes , toothbrush →toothbrushes等。 = 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③以o结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时，在单数名词之后加-s的有： zoo → zoos, radio → radios, photo → photos, piano → pianos, kilo → kilos, mango → mangos, bamboo → bamboos, kangaroo → kangaroos。 加-es的有： tomato→ tomatoes, potato → potatoes, dodo → dodoes/s, hero → heroes。 = 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④以辅音字母+y结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时，先变y为i，再加-es。 例如：family → families, lady →ladies, baby → babies , copy→ copies, body→ bodies, century →centuries, diary→ diaries, dictionary→ dictionaries, factory→ factories, library→ libraries, battery →batteries, documentary → documentaries, buddy →buddies, ability →abilities, country →countries, butterfly →butterflies, enemy →enemies, memory→ memories, balcony→ balconies, laboratory→ laboratories, beauty→ beauties, charity→ charities, comedy→ comedies, industry→ industries, quality→ qualities, reply→ replies, difficulty→ difficulties, theory→ theories, mystery→ mysteries, hobby→ hobbies, story→ stories, city→ cities, laundry→ laundries, activity→ activities等。 = 5 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑤以f或 fe结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时，先变f或 fe为v，再加-es。 例如：half→ halves, knife→ knives, wife→ wives, leaf→ leaves, shelf→ shelves, herself→ themselves, scarf→ scarfs / scarves, wolf→ wolves等。 考例1：[2005年镇江市] Look