基于单片机自动量程照度计LCD.doc

基于单片机的自动量程照度计（LCD显示） 摘要 在建筑、影视和医疗卫生等行业中，照度的测量是很常见的。本文设计了一种具有自动量程转换功能、成本低的LCD显示照度计。本系统是以AVR单片机为核心部件的测量系统，它包括信号采集、信号放大、A/D转换、LCD显示等接口部分。首先，本文选用了光谱响应范围宽，响应时间短，光电转换效率高、PN结面积大的的硅光电池作为照度计的光电转换的探头，提高了测量的精度和范围。其次，本文重点做了以下工作: (1)自动量程转换电路的设计:由于可见光照射硅光电池时产生的光电流范围太大，为了保证A/D转换的精度，本文选用CD4066四模拟开关来实现量程之间的切换，量程切换由单片机控制。(2)显示电路的设计:本系统选用LCD显示 (3)标度变换方式的选择:本系统采用了软件控制，克服了硬件控制费用高、占用线路板面积大，被标度变换的信号不很准确，阻值受温度、湿度等环境的变化而漂移的缺点。 关键词: 硅光电池;自动量程转换;A/D转换;AVR单片机；LCD Based on single-chip microcomputer according to the auto-range meter (LCD display) ABSTRACT In the construction, and health, such as film and television industry, illuminance measurements are very common .In this paper, the design of an automatic conversion range, low-cost LCD display according to meters. The system is based on AVR microcontroller core component of the measurement system, It includes signal acquisition, signal amplification, A / D converter, LCD display interface part. First of all, this paper selected a wide range of spectral response, short response time, high photoelectric conversion efficiency, PN junction area of silicon photovoltaic cells according to meters as the photoelectric conversion of the probe, the measurement accuracy and scope. Secondly , the focus of this paper to do the following work: (1) Auto-range conversion circuit design: As the visible light irradiation of silicon photocell photocurrent generated is too large in size, in order to ensure the A / D conversion accuracy, the paper selected four CD4066 analog switch to switch between the achievement of range, range switch from SCM.(2) show that the design of circuits: LCD display of the system chosen(3) transform the way scaling options: The system uses a software control, to overcome the high cost of hardware control, circuit board area occupied by the scale transformation of the signal is not very accurate, and resistance by the temperature, humidity and other environmental changes the shortcomings of the drift. Key Words: Silicon photovoltaic