教学查房COPD--培训课件.pptVIP

? M Saetta Changes in small airways in COPD patients. The airway wall is thickened and infiltrated with inflammatory cells, predominately macrophages and CD8+ lymphocytes, with increased numbers of fibroblasts. In severe COPD there are also lymphoid follicles. The lumen is often filled with an inflammatory exudate and mucus. There is peribronchial fibrosis and airway smooth muscle may be increased, resulting in narrowing of the airway. Changes in large airways of COPD patients. The epithelium often shows squamous metaplasia and there is goblet cell and submucosal gland hyperplasia, resulting