动物实验graduate-课件.pptVIP

主要内容 动物实验中实验动物的选择 实验动物模型 影响动物实验的因素 动物实验基本技术 如何做好动物实验 人类疾病动物模型 What is the Animal Model? an animal model in which normative biology or behavior can be studied, or in which a spontaneous or induced pathological process can be investigated, and in which the phenomenon in one or more respects resembles the same phenomenon in humans or other species of animal. 医学研究中建立的具有人类疾病模拟表现的动物实验对象和相关材料。 Classification of Animal Models According to cause of the developing Spontaneous (genetic) disease models （自发） Induced (experimental) disease models （诱发） Transgenic disease models （转基因） Negative disease models （抗疾病） Spontaneous (genetic) Disease Models  These models of human disease use naturally occurring genetic variants (mutants). Many hundreds of strains and stocks with inherited disorders modeling similar conditions in humans have been characterized and conserved. 指实验动物未经任何人工处置，在自然条件下动物自然发生、或由于基因突变的异常表现通过遗传育种保留下来的动物模型。 Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Coat Color: Albino Features: used for studies in hypertension and cardiovascular research. Males, twelve weeks of age or older, dependably exhibit average systolic blood pressures greater than 200 mmHg. Progeny are monitored for elevated blood pressure to insure continued phenotypic expression of hypertension. C3H Mice Coat Color: Black Agouti Features: The C3H is widely used as a model for drug treatments of neurologic disorders with applications in toxicology and oncology. High incidence rate of breast cancer in female mice and liver cancer in male . Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) Mice Coat Color: Albino Features: The NOD exhibits destructive autoimmune pancreatic insulitis as early as four weeks of age. Insulin-dependent diabetes is seen in females by three months of age. Senescence Accelerated Mouse Established in the Department of Senescence Biology, Kyoto University, Japan as a novel murine model of senescence acceleration and age-associated disorders. This strain includes nine strains of accelerated senescence-prone