新发传染病基孔肯雅热研究概况—培训课件.pptVIP

新发传染病基孔肯雅热研究概况 主要内容Contents 一、前言Introduction 二、全球流行概况 三、CHIK主要传播媒介 四、最新研究结果 一、前言Introduction 基孔肯雅热（Chikungunya fever，CHIK）： 单链正义RNA病毒A single strand positive sense RNA virus ——披膜病毒科（Togaviridae） ——甲病毒属 (Alphavirus) ——基孔肯雅病毒(Chikungunya virus，CHIKV) ——西门利克森林病毒亚组(Semliki forest，SF) 临床症状 主要临床表现为发热、关节剧烈疼痛、皮疹和轻度出血体征，类似于流行性登革热 (dengue fever，DF)。 该病起病急骤和关节剧烈疼痛，被迫采取弯曲体位，当地的土语形容这种姿势为“基孔肯雅”Kimakonde language meaning "to become contorted"(WHO, 1985)。 1952年，它首次分离于坦桑尼亚（Tanzania） (Sourisseau et al., 2007)。 截至目前为止，还没有有效的疫苗或防制药剂。 地理概况 白纹伊蚊在法国流域分布 Aedes albopictus distribution on the French Riviera 意大利白纹伊蚊分布Distribuzione di Aedes albopictus in Italia per provincie nel 2000 瑞士虫媒病毒分布The distribution of other arbovirus around Switzerland 虫媒病毒Arbovirus genus Alphavirus, family Togaviridae Sindbis virus (SIN) In Europe Asia Australia South American Africa (Strauss & Strauss, 1994) genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae Yellow fever virus (YFV) Eg: Spain, Italy (Livorno), France (Saint-Nazaire) and Portugal and so on (Vainio & Cutts, 1998) Dengue fever virus (DFV) TropNetEurop: such as Israel and Dutch et al (Wichmann et al., 2003) Wset Nile virus (WNV) In western Mediterranean and southern Russia in 1962-64, Belarus and Ukraine in the 1970s and 1980s, Romania in 1996-97, Czechland in 1997, and Italy in 1998) (Hubálek & Halouzka, 1999). In Italy, Portugal and other Mediterranean countries (Sánchez-Seco et al., 2003). Toscana virus (TOSV) Sandfly fever virus (SFV) Rift Valley Fever virus (RVFV) 2007年瑞士提契诺地区白纹伊蚊监测过程中阳性诱卵器数 Proportion of positive ovitraps checked during the monitoring program on Ae. albopictus in Ticino, Switzerland, 2007（Wymann等，2008） 不含Chiasso地区(without Chiasso) Chiasso地区(in Chiasso) Fig. Sequencing strategy for CHIK genomic RNA by RT–PCR. Boxes indicate the coding regions of non-structural and structural proteins. (Khan et al., 2002) CHIKV, 全基因组complete genome (NCBI: NC_004162, 11,82