2017年中考物理知识点：欧姆定律性质和定理.docVIP

2017年中考物理知识点：欧姆定律性质和定理 2017年中考物理知识点：欧姆定律性质和定理 伏安法测量小灯泡的电阻：R=U/I表示导体的电阻在数值上等于加在导体两端的电压与通过它的电流的比值。该式是用比值来定义导体的电阻的，是电阻的定义式，不是决定式，为我们提供了一种测量电阻的方法，叫伏安法测电阻。 1、实验目的用电压表、电流表测导体电阻 2、实验原理欧姆定律I=U/R变形R=U/I 3、实验器材学生电源、电压表、电流表、滑动变阻器、待测电阻、单刀开关各一个，导线若干 4、实验电路图：略 (1)断开开关，连接电路 (2)接入电路的滑动变阻器调到最大 (3)闭合开关，调节R，读取并记录几组电流表、电压表数据(U≤U额) (4)计算导体阻值 1、电阻特点：并联电路总电阻的倒数等于各分电阻的倒数之和。 (1)若n个相同电阻并联，总电阻等于各分电阻的n分之一; (2)并联相当于增大横截面积，总电阻小于每个分电阻。 2、电流特点：并联电路的总电流等于各支路电流之和;I总=I1+I2。 3、电压特点：并联电路个支路电压相等，等于总电压;U总=U1=U2。 1、电阻特点：串联电路的总电阻等于各部分电阻之和。 (1)R串=R1+R2 (2)n个电阻串联R串=R1+R2+R3+…+Rn (3)n个相同电阻R串联：R串=nR (4)R串大于每一个部分电阻，原因是串联后相当于增加了导体的长度。 2、电流特点：串联电路各点的电流处处相等：I=I1=I2=I3。 3、串联电路的电压特点：串联电路的总电压等于各部分电路电压之和;U=U1+U2。 close the doors and windows, lock the door;6, keep the classroom clean, no spitting, no littering debris and other debris;7, not in the desk, doors and windows, walls, etc. The Painted graffiti graffiti board;8, the preparation of the bell ring, sitting in their own position, and do a good lesson preparation, keep the classroom quiet;9, when the class to stand up to the teacher Shi Hangli; class speech first raise their hands;10, listen attentively. Speak to raise their hands to answer questions, to stand up to loud sounds;L1, not to be late, do not leave early, not late into the classroom to play truant. Standing in the doorway shouting report, raised by the teacher agreed to in classroom;;L2, to concentrate on self-study, do not do and learning has nothing to do;13, do not copy homework, do not cheat in the exam;C, assembly activityIn L4, the flag raising ceremony, solemn, neat, orderly queue team, for the national flag stood for salute. The national anthem, the original should be standing.15, exercise to do fast, quiet, qi;16, the rally should be punctual, keep quiet speak first to Su; teachers and audience charming year ceremony, the end of the speech of thanks; to watch the performances, games, applause to appropriate moderation.D, campus health177, keep the corridor clean, sanitary, quiet, do