被动语态复习研究.pptVIP

* * * 一般情况下, 在英语中, 主动语态表达主动意义,而被动语态表达被动意义。但是, 在某些情况下，被动意义却用主动语态的动词形式来表达。以下就是几种情况： 1. lock, open, read, sell, tear, wash, write, play 等动词，用来说明主语的性质特征而不是强调 被执行的动作时，用主动形式表达被动意义. 例如: His novel sells well. 他的小说畅销 The door won’t open. 这门打不开 This paper tears easily. 这纸一撕就破 This material won’t wear. 这料子不耐穿 主动形式表达被动意义小结 2. feel, look, sound, smell, taste做系动词，做“摸起来/看起来/听起来/闻起来/吃起来”时用主动形 式表达被动意义。例如： The bamboo chair feels cool. His theory sounded reasonable. 3. 表示“需要”的need, want, require，deserve以及形容词worth（值得）后面，跟动词-ing的主动形式表达被动意义。例如： The old house needs/ wants/requires repairing . This dictionary is well worth buying. 4. easy, difficult, hard, heavy等作表语的形容词后有不定式修饰时，不定式主动表被动。例如: What life will be like in the future is difficult to predict. The schoolbag seemed heavy to carry. The water in the river is unfit to drink. 5 “疑问词+不定式” 不定式主动表被动 The couple is discussing what house to buy. 6. 不定式做定语，修饰there be, have, want, need, find等动词的宾语时。例如： She has an old grandfather to look after. 她有一位年迈的爷爷需要照顾。 Have you any homework to do this evening? 今晚你有作业要做吗？ Please give the child a picture-book to read. 请给那孩子一本图画书看。 某些过去分词已转化为形容词，失去被动意义，仅表状态： dressed, lost, seated, located/ situated, determined, devoted, addicted, absorbed, invoved, engaged/employed, prepared, caught, faced with Seated in the back, he still listens carefully. Sitting in the back, …. (对比) 被动形式表达主动意义小结 1. _____ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose 2. _____ to train his daughter in computer, he put an ad like this in the paper. “_____, a computer teacher for a ten-year-old girl.” A. Determined; Wanted B. Determined; Wanting C. Determines; Wanted D. Determing, Wanting 3. Some Olympic officials have come to China to see how Beijing _____ for this year’s game. A. prepares B. will prepared