管理学第9章计划工作的工具和技术(PlanningToolsandTechniques).ppt

* * * * 9–* Allocating Resources: Analysis (cont’d) Linear Programming（线性规划） A technique that seeks to solve resource allocation problems using the proportional relationships between two variables. 9–* Exhibit 9–11 Production Data for Cinnamon-Scented Products 9–* Exhibit 9–12 Graphical Solution to Linear Programming Problem（线性规划问题的图解法） Max. Assembly Max. Manufacturing Max. Manufacturing Max. Assembly Max. Profits 9–* Contemporary Planning Techniques Project（项目 ） A one-time-only set of activities that has a definite beginning and ending point time.（是一次性的一组活动，它具有确定的开始时间和结束时间） Project Management（项目管理） The task of getting a project’s activities done on time, within budget, and according to specifications. Define project goals Identify all required activities, materials, and labor Determine the sequence of completion 9–* Exhibit 9–13 Project Planning Process（项目计划过程） Source: Based on R.S. Russell and B.W. Taylor III, Production and Operations Management (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1995), p. 287. 9–* Contemporary Planning Techniques (cont’d) Scenario（脚本 ） A consistent view of what the future is likely to be.（对未来可能是什么样的一种一贯的观点） Scenario Planning（脚本计划） An attempt not try to predict the future but to reduce uncertainty by playing out potential situations under different specified conditions.(通过在不同的特定条件下演示可能的潜在状况来降低不确定性) Contingency Planning Developing scenarios that allow managers determine in advance what their actions should be should a considered event actually occur. 9–* Exhibit 9–14 Preparing for Unexpected Events(防备意外事件) Identify potential unexpected events. Determine if any of these events would have early indicators(指标). Set up an information gathering system to identify early indicators. Have appropriate responses (plans) in place if these unexpected events occur. Source: S. Caudron, “Frontview Mirror,” Business Finance, December 1999, pp. 24–30. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *? 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. *? 2007