睡眠呼吸暂停低通气睡眠监测.ppt

Review ArticleObstructive Sleep ApneaDXY: POLKA Rafael E. Coplin, MD Introduction “Damn That Boy” Said the old men, “He’s gone to sleep again”. “Very Extraordinary boy”, said Mr. Pickwick. Does he always sleep in this way? Introduction “Sleep” said the old gentleman, “he’s always asleep”. “Goes on errands fast asleep and snores as he waits at table” In 1837 Charles Dickens, in one of his novels describes some of the features of the disease that I am going to present. Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) is by far the single most common disorder seen at sleep centers and is responsible for more mortality and morbidity than any other sleep disorder. Introduction Although OSAS was identified more than 3 decades ago, the majority of physicians have had no formal training in recognizing or treating the condition Introduction Furthermore, new information concerning the diagnosis and treatment of obstructed breathing during sleep is emerging faster than older concepts can be disseminated. The result is that most patients with treatable sleep-related breathing disorders currently remain undiagnosed Definitions OSA is describe as repetitive episodes of complete or partial upper airway obstruction during sleep. As a result affected persons have unrestful sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness. Definitions Often presents other features, such as loud snoring, morning headaches, and dry mouth on awakening. During obstructive apnea, respiratory efforts persist, but airflow is absent at the nose and mouth while on central apnea both airflow and respiratory efforts are absent. OTHER DEFINITIONS OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA AHI 10 (46) AHI 15 (12) AHI 5 + symptoms (49) AI 2 (23) AI 20 (25) AHI = Apnea-plus-hypopnea index; AI= apnea index Epidemiology The prevalence of OSA in the United States is 2% to 4% in middle-aged adults which is similar in magnitude to the prevalence of major diseases such as Asthma and Diabetes. Epidemiology Epidemiology