Lesson 3 科技外语.ppt

《电子信息工程专业英语教程》 Lesson 3 Overview of Engineering Mechanics Terminology Text tour Terminology Interactive Acting or capable of acting on each other 互相作用的或能互相作用的 Iterative Characterized by or involving repetition, recurrence, reiteration, or repetitiousness 重复的, 反复的, ]迭代的：以反复、循环、重述或重复为特征的，或与之相关的 Pinpoint 精确地定位或确认 To locate or identify with precision 精确地定位或确认 Text tour As we look around us we see a world full of “things”: Machines, devices, tools; things that we have designed, built, and used; things made of wood, metals, ceramics, and plastics. We know from experience that some things are better than others; they last longer, cost less, are quieter, look better, or are easier to use. Ideally, however, every such item has been designed according to some set of “functional requirements” as perceived by the designers—that is, it has been designed so as to answer the question, “Exactly what function should it perform?” [1] 1. so as to 意为“使得，如此，以至于”。全句可译为： 然而，在理想的情况下，每一件产品都是设计人员根据其对某些“功能要求”的理解而设计出来的，也就是说，在设计过程中，应该回答这样的问题，即“它应该具有那种确切的功能？” (1) The development of any new device requires an interactive, iterative consideration of form, size, materials, loads, durability, safety, and cost. (2) When a device fails (unexpectedly) it is often necessary to carry out a study to pinpoint the cause of failure and to identify potential corrective measures. [2] 2. carry out 意为“进行，完成”，correct measure 意为“改正措施”。全句可译为： 当一个装置意外地失效后，通常需要进行研究工作，来找出失效的原因和确定可能的改正措施。 In any “real” problem there is never sufficient good, useful information; we seldom know the actual loads and operating conditions with any precision, and the analyses are seldom exact.[3] While our mathematics may be precise, the overall analysis is generally only approximate, and different skilled people can obtain different solutions. 3. operating condition 意为“工作状态，工作条件”。全句可译为： 对于任何实际的问题，总是缺乏足够完整和有用的信息。我们很少准确地知道实际荷载和工作状态，因此，所做的 分析工作也很少是精确的。 In engineering mechanics, we appreciate the various types of approximat