抽象代数课本讲义第二章第二节.pdfVIP

04  Æ §2 R I R I R R/I . ∀r1 + I, r2 + I ∈ R/I , (r + I )(r + I ) = r r + I 1 2 1 2 R/I R I r + I ∈ R/I ℄ I (1) R 1, 1 + I R/I (2) R R/I 1 mZ Z Z/mZ ∼ Z . Z[x]/(x) ∼ Z. = = m 1. 1 R, R′ ( 1 1’ ) σ : R →