C620普通车床进行数控改造.docVIP

摘 要 本次毕业论文主要是将一台C620型普通车床进行经济型数控改造设计，针对现有的普遍车床的缺点提出数控改装方案和单片机系统设计，提高加工精度和扩大机床使用范围，并提高生产率。论文说明了普通车床的数控化改造的设计过程，比较详细的介绍了C620机械改造部分的设计及数控系统部分的设计。采用以8031为CPU的控制系统对信号进行处理，由I/O接口输出步进脉冲，经一级齿轮传动减速后，带动滚动丝杠转动，从而实现纵向、横向的进给运动。 论文中车床改装设计如下：（1）机械部分的改装，包括纵向进给方向的改装和横向进给方向的改装。主要包括对滚珠丝杠螺母副及反应式步进电机的计算选择及纵向、横向机构装配图方案的制定。（2）电气控制部分的设计，主要包括MCS-51系列单片机及8031单片机扩展芯片的选用和电气控制图的设计,数控系统采用MCS—51系列的8031单片机扩展系统。因为MCS—51系列的单片机具有集成度高、可靠性高、功能强、速度快、抗干扰能力强等优点。 设计改造后的经济型数控机床具有定位、直线插补、顺逆圆弧插补、暂停、循环加工、公英制螺纹加工等功能，且加工质量稳定可靠。零件加工的适应性强，自动化程度高。 关键词：数控，单片机，步进电机，滚珠丝杠，改造 ABSTRACT The main thesis is a C620-type CNC lathe economic transformation of the design for the shortcomings of the existing general made CNC lathe conversion program and microcomputer system design, higher precision and expand the use of machine tools, and increase productivity. Paper describes the transformation of CNC Lathe design process, a more detailed description of the mechanical transformation of C620 part of the design and numerical control parts of the system design. To adopt a 8031 control system for the CPU to process the signal from the I / O interface, the output pulse stepping through a gear reducer, the drive rolling screw rotation,In order to achieve vertical and horizontal movement of the feed. Paper lathe design modifications are as follows: (1) modification of the mechanical parts, including the vertical direction of feed conversion and horizontal direction of feed conversion. Include ball screw pair and reaction to the stepping motor selection and the calculation of vertical and horizontal body assembly drawing program development. (2) The electrical control part of the design include MCS-51 MCU 8031 Series MCU and expanding the selection of chips and electrical control chart design, numerical control system adopts MCS-51 series of 8031 micro-expansion system.Because the MCS-51 family of microcontrollers with a high integration, high reliability, strong function, high speed, anti-interference ability and so on. After transf