医学术语 复习提纲1的4-16.doc

Unit 14 Genitourinary System Body fluid Total body fluid Intracellular fluid Extracellular fluid (ECF) Interstitial fluid Plasma fluid Venous fluid Arterial fluid Hypovolemia=volume depletion血容不足 Electrolyte disorders Sodium : Hyponatremia / hypernatremia Potassium : Hypokalemia / hyperkalemia Calcium : Hypocalcemia / hypercalcemia Magnesium : Hypomagnesemia / hypermagnesemia Phosphorus : Hypophosphatemia / hyperphosphatemia Metabolic acid-base disorder Acidosis Alkalosis Anion gap (AG)阴离子间隙The difference between the sum of the measured cations and anions in the plasma or serum Associated with seizure, shock, oliguria, anuria, polyuria, hypertension and diarrhea Calculi Nephrolithiasis 肾石病 Urinary / Renal / bladder stone calcium / uric acid / cystine (胱氨酸)stone IVP ( intravenous pyelogram)静脉肾孟造影照片 Lithotripsy碎石术 Ureterolithotomy SWL=shock wave lithotripsy Nephritis Balkan nephritis acute glomerulonephritis 急性肾小球肾炎 acute pyelonephritis 急性肾孟肾炎 cystopyelonephritis 膀胱肾盂肾炎 CRFARF The presence of anemia, normokalemia, calcium-phosphate abnormalities, and malnutrition is evidence of chronic renal failure, whereas in acute renal failure, hyperkalemia, fluid overload, and normal-sized kidneys are seen. Renal replacement therapy Dialysis HD=hemodialysis PD=peritoneal dialysis Transplantation ABO typing HLA typing人(类)白细胞抗原分型 Mixed lymphocyte culture混合淋巴细胞培养Crossmatching交叉配血 UTI Colony count菌落计数 Bacteriuria菌尿 Acute/chronic pyelonephritis Acute uncomplicated cystitis Acute prostatitis Chronic nonbacterial prostatitis Dysuria LUTS (lower urinary tract symptoms) Frequency Urgency Hesitancy Weak stream Intermittency Dribbling Double voiding straining Nocturia retention Assessment of urinary tracts Ultrasonography IVU=intravenous urography静脉尿路造影术 IVP=intravenous pyelography 静脉肾盂造影 RUG=retrograde urethrogram逆行性输尿管造影片 VCUG=voiding cystourethrogram排泄性膀胱尿道造影照片 uroflowmetry尿流量测定 cystometry膀胱内压测量法 Urine abnormalitie