主语与主题.pptVIP

Subject-oriented -- topic-oriented In an English sentence, prominence is usually given to the subject. There are five basic sentence patterns in English: SV, SVC, SVO, SVO1O2, SVOC, all with SV as its essentials. On the other hand, a Chinese sentence often lays emphasis on the thought or notion, so it is based on the thought pivot（枢纽）. A dialect is known by every linguist in this room. 有一种方言这间屋子里的每个语言学家都懂得。 比较：在这房间里的每位语言学家都懂一种方言。 You don’t grow the grain you eat and you don’t make the clothes you wear. 你吃的粮食不是你自己种的，你穿的衣服也不是你自己做的。 比较：你不种…… 1978年改革开放开始了。 The year 1978 saw the beginnings of the reform and opening to the outside world. 我们的事业从胜利走向胜利。 We have won one victory after another for our cause. Or: A series of victories have been won for our cause. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. (A. Lincoln) 我们在这里所说的话，这个世界不会给与太多的关注，也不会长久地记住，但是他们在这里所做的事永远不会被忘却。 And am I not indebted to you for the bread I eat? (W. Scott) 你给我面包吃，我不胜感激。 Fortune had made us fellow travelers on this summer night. (A. G. Gardiner) 在这个夏夜，命运使我们成了旅行的同伴。 近来忙于其他事物，未能早些复信，深感抱歉。 I am very sorry that the pressure of other occupations has prevented me from sending an earlier reply to your letter. 在掌握和应用传真机的高新技术、树立品牌形象、知名度以及市场份额等方面，有待艰苦的研制、提高和开拓。 Great efforts are needed to master and apply new and high technologies for the development and updating of new and famous brand fax models so as to win a greater market share. At other houses the doors were slammed in my face, cutting short my politely and humbly couched request for something to eat. 我到了另外一些人家，谦恭有礼地暗示我想讨点东西吃，可话还没说完，大门就冲着我的脸砰地一声关上了。 When a motion picture is made, the visible action is photographed and, at the same time, the words the actors speak are “photographed” on the same film. 拍摄影片时，既拍摄有形的动作，同时在同一软片上也“拍摄”了演员所说的话。 Having been selected while he was an intermediate resident to get a group of medical students was certainly auspicious（吉祥的，吉兆的）, a