主谓一致4.ppt

一致 语法第四讲 英语的一致有三种: （一）主谓一致 （二）代词一致 （三）肯定与否定一致 （一）主谓一致 一、主语与谓语的一致 　　英语语法要求，主语如果是单数，谓语动词也要用单数形式;主语若是复数，谓语动词也要用复数形式 　　　例如: 　　　She likes to eat well.她好吃 　　　We all like good food.我们都喜欢好饭菜。 　　　Everybody was happy with the decision. 人人都对这个决定感到高兴。 　　　I am a doctor.我是个医生。 二、概念一致 1. And连接的两个或多个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式 　　　His opinion and mine are different他的观点和我的是不同的。 　　　Bob and Peter are deadly rivals. Bob和peter是死对头。 　　　但是如果and连接的是指一个单一概念时，谓语动词用单数。 　　　Bread and milk has been my breakfast for years. 牛奶面包多年来一直是我的早餐。 　　　Her lawyer and old friend is going to marry her.她的律师和老朋友要娶她。 　　　All this effort and sacrifice has come to nothing. 所有这些努力和牺牲都白费了。 由and连接的单数主语分别有many a，every，each，no修饰时，动词用单数。 　　　如：During the holidays, every train and every plane was crowded.假期期间每列火车及每架飞机都非常拥挤。 　　　No boy and no girl has the right to refuse education. 男孩和女孩都没有拒绝教育的权利。 　　　Many a man and many a woman was moved by this picture。许多男男女女都被这幅画感动。 2.如果主语是一个抽象概念(如不定式、动名词、主语从句等)谓语动词用单数形式。如果主语是用and连接的两个或多个抽象概念，谓语动词用复数形式。 　如：Swimming, jogging and cycling are all god forms of sports exercises.游泳、慢跑和骑自行车都是很好的运动形式。 　To live to eat is not a very good attitude toward life. 活着就是为了吃不是好的生活态度。 　To live to eat and to eat to live are very different attitudes toward life. 　以what，who，why，how, whether等wh一词引起的从句做主语时，谓语动词通常用单数;由and连接的两个主句如果指两件事，动词用复数。 　What he is doing is not clear yet他在干什么还不清楚 　What he is doing and whether I know him are two different things.他在干什么和我是否认识他是两件不同的事。 　What she told me is none of your business. 她和我说的什么用不着你管。 　What she told me and what she told you are totally different things. 3.集体名词family，class，crew(全体船员或机组人员)，crowd, group, committee, audience, government, public, team, staff, population等做主语时，若作为一个整体看待，后面谓语动词用单数; 如就其中每一个成员来考虑时，则用复数。 My family is a big one.我家人多。 　　　My family are all music lovers. 我全家人都爱好音乐。 　　　Eighty percent of China s population are peasants. 百分之八十的中国人口是农民。 　 China has a huge population. 中国有众多的人口。 　People, police, cattle,(牛)，militia(民兵)，poultry(家禽)，vermin(害虫)等作主语时，后面的动词要用复数。 　如