二进位也可以很有趣 - 国立交通大学资讯工程学系 NCTU.pptVIP

C++物件導向程式設計Introduction to C++ with OOP 蔡文能 tsaiwn@.tw tsaiwn@.tw 交通大學資訊工程學系 Agenda Generic programming: template function/class, and STL Exceptions: Scope of exceptions, raising exception, exception handlers More tips about class and ADT: a. constructor/Destructor, b. class members vs. instance members, c. friend and access control of class members C++ Template (樣版) Templates provide direct support for generic programming The C++ template mechanism allows a type to be a parameter in the definition of a class or a function definer specifies the container class in terms of that argument users specify what the type of contained objects is The template implementation is a mechanism that generates types when needed based on the user’s specification (compiler 幫忙copy去改? ) Every major standard library abstraction is represented as a template C++ Function Template (樣版函數) template function template class T void swap( T x, T y) { T temp; temp=x; x = y; y = temp; } C++ Class Template 如何有多個可處理不同 data type的堆疊? Summary Template class To define Generic data type Allow the creation of reusable code Types are used as parameter in General form: templateclass T, class T2 class class_name { // code here }; // do NOT forget “;” Standard Template Library (STL) Many template classes, functions Abstract Data Types Three general categories: Containers Iterators Algorithms Three kinds of containers: Sequences Associative Adapted 使用 C++ Library 的 stack #include stack #include iostream using namespace std; /* where the Library in */ int main( ) { stackint xo; /* 注意用法 stackint */ stackdouble brandy; /* 注意用法 */ xo.push(880); xo.push(770); xo.push(53); while(! xo.empty( ) ){/* 注意 empty 不是 isempty */ cout xo.top( ); /* 注意用 top( ) */ xo.pop( ); /* pop is void type */ } cout endl; /* new Line*/