现在和过去分词.docVIP

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  • 2017-08-19 发布于北京
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一.现在分词的句法功能:   (1)作定语:现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。   In the following years he worked even harder.   在后来的几年中,他学习更努力了。   The man speaking to the teacher is our monitors father.   正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。   现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能,如:in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.   ()作宾语补足语:   如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语:   see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。例如:   Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗?   He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。   ()现在分词作状语:   作时间状语:   (While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.   在工厂工作时,他是一名先进工人。   作原因状语:   Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员,他经常帮助他人。   作方式状语,表示伴随:   He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里,又擦又洗。   作条件状语:   (If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.   要是整天玩,你就会浪费宝贵的时间。   作结果状语:   He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了,结果摔得粉碎。   作目的状语:   He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。   作让步状语:   Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.   虽然雨下得很大,但不久天就晴了。   与逻辑主语构成独立主格:   I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head.   我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。   All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly.   所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。   Time permitting, well do another two exercises.   如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。   有时也可用with (without) +名词(代词宾格)+分词形式   With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。当过去分词作为定语 作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成. 1. 过去分词用作定语,如果是单个的,常置于其所修饰的名词之前. We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况. . 过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于书面语中. The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功. 3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号. The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会,到会的有五千多人. 4. 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物,这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人,但它所修饰的事物仍与人直

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