国际商务英语课文电子版lesson_1试卷.doc

Lesson 1 International Business（国际商务） ★International business refers to transaction between parties（当事人、参与者） from different countries. Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas（关税区） of the same country is also regarded as import and export, such as business between Hong Kong and Taiwan. International business involves more factors and thus is more complicated than domestic business. The followings(下列各项) are some major differences between the two: ★1. The countries involved often have different legal systems（不同的法律体系）, and one or more parties will have to adjust themselves to operate in compliance with（遵照、遵从） the foreign law. 2. Different countries usually use different currencies（不同的货币） and the parties will have to decide which currency to use and do everything necessary as regards（关于） conversion（兑换） etc. Uncertainties and even risks are often involved in the use of a foreign currency. 3. Cultural differences including language, customs, traditions, religion, value, behavior etc. often constitute challenges and even traps for people engaged in international business. 4. Countries vary in natural and economic conditions and may have different policies towards foreign trade and investment, making international business more complex than domestic business. With the development of economic globalization（经济全球化）, few people or companies can completely stay away from（置身于外） international business. Some knowledge in this respect（方面） is necessary both for the benefit of enterprises and personal advancement（个人进步）. International business first took the form of commodity trade（商品贸易）, i.e.（即） exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale(消费或转售) in another. This form of trade is also referred to as（被称为） visible trade（有形贸易）. Later a different kind of trade in the form of transportation, communication, banking, insurance, consulting（咨询）, information（信息业） etc. gradually became more and more important. This