定语从句专项复习一.pptVIP

定语从句专项复习一关系代词及其使用 定义及相关术语 定语从句：在句子中起定语作用、修饰句子中某一名词和代词的从句 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词 关系词：引导定语从句的词 关系词分为关系代词和关系副词 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose等 关系副词：when, where, why等 关系词通常有下列两个作用： A、引导定语从句 B、代替先行词在定语从句中担当一个成分 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man “who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语，即The man is shaking hands with my father。 限制性定语从句 紧跟在主句之后 是先行词不可缺少的定语，不可删除 关系词的使用上：作宾语时可省略 ；可用that 非限制性定语从句 用逗号与主句隔开 只是对先行词的补充说明，可删除 关系词的使用上：不可省略 ；不用that 判断：限定性or非限定性定语从句？ The?teacher?told?me?that?Tom?was?the?only?person?that?I?could?depend?on.?? China?is?a?country?which?has?a?long?history.? In?the?street?I?saw?a?man?who?was?from?Africa.? His?mother,?who?loves?him?very?much,?is?strict?with?him. China,?which?was?founded?in?1949,?is?becoming?more?and?more?powerful.?? Last?summer?I?visited?the?People’s?Great?Hall,?in?which?many?important?meetings?are?held?every?year.?? 怎样选择关系代词？ that,which,who,whom,whose 首先，看先行词是人还是物 其次，看先行词在从句中做什么成分，主语，宾语，定语,还是状语？ 关系代词在从句中的指代和成分 that：指代人或物，在从句中充当主语或宾语 which：指代物，在从句中充当主语或宾语 who：指代人，充当主语 whom:指代人，充当宾语 whose：指代人或物,充当定语。译为…的 关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省去，作主语不可省。另外在介词之后的关系代词也不能省去 who??指人，在定语从句中作主语 The?boys?who?are?playing?football?are?from?Class?One.??? Those?who?want?to?go?to?the?museum?must?be?at?the?school?gate?at?7?tomorrow?morning. Yesterday?I?helped?an?old?man?who?had?lost?his?way.? That?is?the?teacher?who?teaches?us?physics.? whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. which?指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略 Football?is?a?game?which?is?liked?by?most?boys.??? The?factory?which?makes?computers?is?far?away?from?here.? He?likes?to?read?books?which?are?written?by?foreign?writers.?? The?house?which?is?by?the?lake?looks?nice.? This?is?the?pen?(?which?)?h