J--综述-形状记忆合金的生物学应用.pdf

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Metallurgy Volume 2011, Article ID 501483, 15 pages doi:10.1155/2011/501483 Review Article Biomedical Applications of Shape Memory Alloys Lorenza Petrini and Francesco Migliavacca Politecnico di Milano, Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics, Department of Structural Engineering, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy Correspondence should be addressed to Lorenza Petrini, lpetrini@stru.polimi.it Received 16 December 2010; Accepted 8 March 2011 Academic Editor: Stefano Gialanella Copyright © 2011 L. Petrini and F. Migliavacca. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Shape memory alloys, and in particular NiTi alloys, are characterized by two unique behaviors, thermally or mechanically activated: the shape memory eff ect and pseudo-elastic eff ect. These behaviors, due to the peculiar crystallographic structure of the alloys, assure the recovery of the original shape even after large deformations and the maintenance of a constant applied force in correspondence of significant displacements. These properties, joined with good corrosion and bending resistance, biological and magnetic resonance compatibility, explain the large diffusion, in the last 20 years, of SMA in the production of biomedical devices, in particular for mini-invasive techniques. In this paper a detailed review of the main applications of NiTi alloys in dental, orthopedics, vascular, neurological, and surgical fields is presented. In particular for each device the main characteristics and the advantages of using SMA are discussed. More