ā楂汯杯敄慰瑲敭-SkeletalSystem.pptVIP

Skeletal System Chp. 5 Skeletal System Composed of 3 Types of Connective Tissue Recall that connective tissue consists of a matrix with cells suspended w/in it--the type of matrix cells determine type of tissue. Bones - hard elements of skeleton. Ligaments - dense, fibrous connective tissue that serves to bind bone-to-bone. Cartilage - collagen elastin fibers suspended in gel-like matrix [ground substance]. 5 Functions of Bones Support Movement Protection Formation of blood cells Mineral storage Skeletal System cont. 1. Bone: hard inorganic matrix of calcium salts Compact Bone: Dense - extracellular deposits of calcium phosphate matrix w/ living cells Osteocytes- living mature bone cells that maintain structure of bone forms shafts covers ends of long bones filled with yellow marrow Yellow marrow = Primarily fat for energy reserves Contains blood vessels nerves Skeletal System cont. b. Spongy Bone: porous bone found inside enlarged knobby ends of bones [knob = epiphysis] Internal latticework makes bones lighter stronger Trabeculae = latticework of bones made of calcium minerals + living cells red marrow - found in spaces of trabeculae w/in long bones of upper arms legs Stem cells w/in red marrow produce RBC’s Osteons [Haversian Systems] Cylindrical Structures (see text Fig 5.1) Periosteum Tough Connective Tissue covering bones Contains bone forming Osteoblast cells Structure of Bone Cartilage and Ligaments Cartilage - fibers of cartilage elastin in gel-like matrix Function: support Types: Fibrocartilage - between vertebral disks, in knee joint Hyaline - embryonic “model” for bones, covers ends of mature bones found in joints. Elastic cartilage - outer ear, part of epiglottis Ligaments- attach bone to bone Bone Development [see Fig. 5.2 from text] Prenatal: cartilage model Fetus: some conversion to bone Childhood: primary secondary ossification sites formed Adolescence: cartilage growth plate elongates Bone Development