全球移动通信.ppt

The GSM system is based on a cellular communications principle which was first proposed as a concept in the 1940s by Bell System engineers in the US. The idea came out if the need to increase network capacity and got round the fact that broadcast mobile net works, operating in densely populated areas, could be jammed by a very small number of simultaneous calls[5]. The power of the cellular system was that it allowed frequency reuse. ? GSM系统基于蜂窝通信系统原则。这一概念是由美国贝尔系统工程师在40年代首先提出来的。这一思想出自于增加网络容量的需要以及解决网络堵塞的问题。在人口稠密地区运行的广播室移动网络系统会使几个用户同时呼叫而引起堵塞。蜂窝系统的威力在于允许频率的再利用。 The cellular concept is defined by two features, frequency reuse and cell splitting. Frequency reuse comes into play by using radio channels on the same frequency in coverage areas that are far enough apart not to cause co-channel interference. This allows handling of simultaneous calls that exceed the theoretical spectral capacity. Cell splitting is necessary when the traffic demand on a cell has reached the maximum and the cell is then divided into a micro-cellular system. The shape of cell in a cellular system is always depicted as a hexagon and the cluster size can be seven, nine or twelve. ? 蜂窝概念由两个特点确定，即频率重复利用和小区分割。在相邻覆盖区域像个足够远而不至于引起公用信道干扰的，通过使用同一频率的无线信道、频率再利用才气作用。这样可以处理同时出现的呼叫并超过了理论频谱容量。当小区的业务需求增到最大时，就要进行小区划区，小区再被分成更小的蜂窝系统区域。蜂窝系统的小区形状常被苗虎成六边形，一群六边形小区的数量可以是7个、9个或12个。 The GSM system requires a number of functions to be created for a fully operational mobile system. ? The cell coverage area is controlled by a base station which is itself made up of two elements. The first element is the transmission system which communicates out to the mobile and also receives information from it to set up and maintain calls when actually in operation. The base station transceiver (BST) is controlled by the base station controller (BSC), which communicates with the mobile switched telephone network (PSTN), and subscriber data which is stored in registers within the system. The subscriber registers allow the GSM syst