种修辞手法的解释和例句(my).docVIP

《高级英语中种修辞手法的解释和例句 　　1.Simile 明喻 　　明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 　　标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 　　例如: 　　1.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 　　2.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 　　3. Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 　　2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻 　　隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 　　例如: 　　1.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. cavern of a room/ a caverous room the room is like a cavern, e.g. a fairyland of dancing flashes In the maze of vaulted streets a mountain of waves a storm of applause A little shrimp of a fellow A hello Kitty of a girl Thread one’s way 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻 Tin Pan Alley __the center of pop music Let the heart to rule the head 　　借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. 　　I.以容器代替内容,例如: 　　1.The kettle boils. 水开了. 　　2.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. 　　II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: 　　Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. 　　III.以作者代替作品,例如: 　　a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 　　VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: 　　I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 　　4.Synecdoche 提喻 　　提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 　　例如: 　　1.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 　　他的厂里约有100名工人. 　　2.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 　　他是本世纪的牛顿. 　　3.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分） 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 1.Outside,(there is) a sea of faces. 是人的海洋。 （以人体的局部代全体，即以faces 表示people） 2. Have you any coppers? 你有钱吗？ （以材料代事物，即以copper铜喻指coin money铜币） cf. Antonomasia 换称 His majesty; His Excellence ; his Honor the Boss ; He is the Juda. (overlapping with synecdoche ) 　　.Personification 拟人 　　拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物. a figure that endows objects, animals, ideas, or abstractions with human form, character, or sensibility, of personification: the use of adjective The thirsty ground Note . may overlapping with transferred epithet the use of verbs The wave danced. t