分子轨道理论,杂化.pdfVIP

5.12, 3, 2003210 Chemistry 5.12, Lecture #3, 2/10/03 Outline III. Review of Molecular Orbital Theory (Read Chapter 2) (2-1) A. Atomic Orbitals (2-1) (2-2A) B. Sigma-Bonding (2-2A) C. Pi-Bonding (2-2B) (2-2B) (VSEPR) (2-4) D. VSEPR Theory (2-4) / LCAO IV. Hybridization/LCAO A. sp Hybridization (2-4A) (2-4A) 2 B. sp Hybridization (2-4B) (2-4B) C. 3 sp Hybridization (2-4C) (2-4C) (2-3,7,8) 1. Rotation of Ethane versus Ethylene (2-3,7,8) Problem Set #1 Due Today by 4pm 41 Problem Set #2 Posted: Due Tuesday (2/18/03) #2 (2003218 ) Suggested Problems: 2-28,29,31,33 * Read 2-12,13: Survey of Organic Molecules III. Molecular Orbital Theory Electrons Are Waves! They Exist as 3-D Standing Waves (Orbitals). (s,p,d) atomic orbitals: unhybridized orbitals on an atom (s, p, d) Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals (LCAO): Individual wave 2 3 (sp,sp ,sp ) ( , ∗, , ∗) 2 3 functions (orbitals) combine to form hybrid atomic orbitals (sp , sp , sp ) and molecular orbitals (σ, σ*, π, π*) Hybrid Atomic Orbital: Combination of atomic orbitals from the same atom Molecular Orbital: Combination of atomic orbitals from different atoms Conservation of Orbitals: When you add orbitals together, you always end up with the same number of orbitals that you started with. 1 A.