英汉语言与文化对比最新版Chapter 9 Language and psychology.ppt

Chapter 9 Language and psychology 9.1 Introduction 具体语言规律的层面 普通语言学层面 语言哲学层面 《马氏文通》（马建忠）《新著国语文法》（黎锦熙） 9.2 悟性(comprehension)与理性 (rationality) 汉民族的思维习惯重悟性 英语民族的思维习惯重理性 “得意忘言” “微言大义” “有书不如无书” Chapter 9 Language and psychology 文学：贵含蓄，忌直露 绘画：注重泼墨写意 建筑：贵曲折，步换景移 西方语言：强调形态的外露及形式上的完整 窗前明月光， The luminous moonshine before my bed, 疑是地上霜。 Is thought to be the frost fallen on the ground. 抬头望明月， I lift my head to gaze at the bright moon, 低头思故乡。 And then bow down to muse on my distant home. 同来玩月人何在， 风景依稀似去年。 Chapter 9 Language and psychology 9.3 主体意识与客体意识subjective /objective consciousness 悟性的特点是参与意识 理性的特点是距离意识 主张参与的必然强调主体意识，以人为出发点 注重理性的必然强调主客体分明，需要强调主体意识(人)时就突出主体意识，需要强调客体意识（物）时就突出客体意识 。 1）动作句 His new book hits off the American temperament with amazing insight. 他在新作中对美国人性格的描写可谓洞察秋毫。 Chapter 9 Language and psychology The remembrance of these will add zest to his life. 他想起这些，便会增加对生活的乐趣。 Astonishment, apprehension, and even horror oppressed her. 他感到心情抑郁，甚至惊恐不安。 His bonhomie often brought him many friends, 他为人和善，因而朋友很多。 The Second World War brought him rapid battle promotion. 他在第二次世界大战中屡建战功，晋升很快。 近年来热情的读者纷纷致信国家报纸和电视台，对城市建设提出各种建议。 Chapter 9 Language and psychology In recent years national newspapers and TV stations have been sprinkled with passionate letters making various suggestions on the urban construction. 他开车时心不在焉，几乎酿成车祸。 His absent-mindedness during driving nearly caused an accident. 他取得了完全的胜利。 His triumph was complete. 2）非人称句 It seems that Mr. Jackson has got religion on the subject of environmentalism. 杰克逊先生在环保问题上似乎终于醒悟了。 Chapter 9 Language and psychology It is physically impossible for a well-educated or intellectual man to make money the chief object of his thoughts; as physically impossible as it is for him to make his dinner the principal object. 一个受到良好教育、有知识的人实在不可能把金钱作为他孜孜以求的主要目标，正如他不可能把吃饭当作最主要的目标一样。 It is