英语国家概况Chapter 10.ppt

Summary and Reflection Growth and decline of the U.S. foreign trade volume determine the trend of the world economy. Summary Agriculture 1 Manufacturing Industry 2 Service Industry 3 High-tech Industry 4 Foreign Trade 5 The United States of America Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press The United States of America Chapter 11 Economy The United States of America Contents History of American Economy Current American Economy General Introduction Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ US—the economic and technological giant ranking first in computer technology, space technology, nuclear energy, and electronics, etc.; producing a major portion of the world’s machinery, automobiles, oil, electrical energy, and chemicals. Mixed economy Free enterprise system federal government—regulating businesses anti-trust laws Ⅰ General Introduction Ⅱ History of American Economy The Colonial Period Since American Independence The 20th Century 1 2 3 2. Since American Independence U.S. Constitution established the nation as a unified market. no tariffs or taxes on inter-state commerce; Federal government: regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the states, establish uniform bankruptcy laws, create money and regulate its value, fix standards of weights and measures, establish post offices and roads, and fix rules governing patents (专利权、专利品) and copyrights. “intellectual property” Alexander Hamilton’s economic development strategy 2. Since American Independence Providing overt subsidies (公开补贴) Impose protective tariffs on imports (保护性关税) Create a national bank Assume public debts Alexander Hamilton was the first United States Secretary of the Treasury, economist, and political philosopher. The Industrial Revolution By 1860, one third of the nation’s income came from manufacturing; Cotton cloth production was the leading industry; Urbanized industry—limited to the Northeast; 2. Since American Independence Urban Industrialization Textile Plant 2. Since American Independence