英语文化 备考.doc

英美中等教育比较 美国二战后的政策 清教主义 英国节日 美国政体 英国政体 英美高等教育比较 1.英美中等（secondary）教育比较 1. Types of Schools中学类型 （1）英国：公立/私立/综合 According to funding, there are two types of schools in the US. （2）美国：Public and Private Schools公立/私立 In the United States, state and local government have primary responsibility for education. The Federal Department of Education plays a role in standards setting and education finance, and some military primary and secondary schools are run by the Department of Defense. K-12 students in most areas have a choice between free tax-funded public schools, or privately-funded private schools. Private schools have various missions: some cater to college-bound students seeking a competitive edge in the college admissions process; others are for gifted students, students with learning disabilities or other special needs, or students with specific religious affiliations. 2.学习科目 （1）英国：English, Mathematics, Science, Design and Technology, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), History, Geography, Modern foreign languages, Art and design, Music, Citizenship and Physical Education, Religious Education and Careers Education and Guidance (during Year 9), Sex and Relationship Education (SRE). （2）美国：The following minimum courses of study in mandatory subjects are required in nearly all US high schools: Science, Mathematics, English, Social sciences, Physical education.There are also many elective courses. Common types of electives include:Computers,Athletics,Career and Technical Education, Performing Arts/Visual Arts, Foreign languages,Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps 3.毕业出路Furter education （1）英国：不上/延伸/职业 When students have completed their GCSEs, they have 3 options to choose from: find work, academic qualifications, vocational qualifications. （2）美国：大学/ 4. Admission to a University申请大学测试 （1）英国：To gain entry to a top UK university, students generally study three or four subjects to A-Level relevant to their chosen degree subject. There is a broad ran