英语高考阅读理解解题指导.ppt

* 高考《考纲》规定，阅读理解部分要求考生能读懂公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段。考生应能：（1）理解主旨和要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断生词的词义；（4）作出简单判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。对于这几种考查类型，我们在平时的学习和练习中都已经有了基本的认识和应对方法。随着高考的临近，我们应该如何进一步提高解答阅读理解题目的速度和准确率呢？ 一、先题后文 先浏览题目可以帮助我们有针对性地阅读并快速找到答案。这种方法适用于所有体裁的阅读理解文章，尤其适用于应用文。 例：（2014新课标全国卷II D篇） Metro Pocket Guide Metrorail (地铁) Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out ... Hours of service Open: 5 a.m. Mon.-Fri. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 7 a.m. Sat.-Sun. Close: midnight Sun.-Thurs. ?????? ????3 a. m. Fri.-Sat. nights Last train times vary. To avoid (避免) missing the last train, please check the last train times posted in stations. Metrobus When paying with exact change, the fare is $1.35 ... Fares for senior / disabled customers Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare ... Travel tips (提示) ·Avoid riding during weekday rush periods ... 13. At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday? A. At midnight.????? ? B. At 3 a.m. C. At 5 a.m.?????? ???? D. At 7 p.m. 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了某地的地下交通工具，分别介绍了怎样购票、票价、运营时间以及残疾人和老年人可以享受的优惠等等。除了Hours of service部分，选文只节选了其他部分的开头一句。 该题的正确答案是B。根据题干中的stop service及Saturday，我们可以跳过其他部分，直接到Hours of service部分寻找到解题依据：Close: ... 3 a. m. Fri.-Sat. nights。 二、缩小解题依据的范围 通常情况下，一篇阅读理解中数个题目的解题依据在文中是按先后顺序出现的，主旨大意题、标题归纳题、文章出处题、写作目的题等除外。这是设题者遵循的一个原则。 知道了这一点，我们在答题的时候就要避免做每一道题都盲目地从头到尾找依据，尤其是在遇到比较难解的题目时，我们可以通过找出题目在文中相对应的段落或句子，从而缩小解题依据。 例：（2014新课标全国卷I C篇） A typical lion tamer (驯兽师) in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip (鞭) and a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it’s the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of att