踝关节生物力学.00.ppt

Anatomy and evaluation of the ankle Athletic Training Education Program Ankle Anatomical Structures Tibia Fibular Talus Tibia胫骨 This is the strongest largest bone of the lower leg. It bears weight and the bone creates the medial malleoli (the bump on the inside of your ankle) which is the medial aspect of the mortise or the (hole) that the talus lies within. 这是最强壮的小腿骨。它具有承重和形成了内侧支撑面(组成脚踝的凹面)，能与距骨相契合 Fibula腓骨 This is a smaller lateral bone of the lower leg. It is not vital for weight bearing yet it comprises the lateral (outside) aspect of the malleoli and makes up the lateral aspect of the mortise. 这是小腿的一根更小的外侧骨头。 它不承重，它是踝关节的外侧支撑面。 Talus This bone transmits the forces from the calcaneus up into the tibia and also allows the articulations of Plantar Flexion (pointing the foot downward) Dorsiflexion or pulling the foot upward and Inversion (rolling the foot inward) and Eversion (rolling the foot outward) Talocrural Joint The formation of the mortise (a hole) by the medial malleoli (Tibia) and lateral malleoli (fibula) with the talus lying in between them makes up the talocrural joint. This is a hinge joint and allows most of the motion with plantarflexion and dorsiflexion. Subtalar Joint The articulation between the talus and the calcaneus is referred to as the subtalar joint. Motion allowed by this joint is inversion (roll inward)/eversion (roll outward) as well as rear foot pronation (inward tilt of the calcaneus) and supination (outward tilt of the calcaneus) . Ankle Ligaments There are three lateral ligaments predominantly responsible for the support and maintenance of bone apposition (best possible fit). These ligaments prevent inversion of the foot. These ligaments are: Anterior talofibular ligament Calcaneofibular ligament Posterior talofibular ligament The deltoid ligament This is located on the medial aspect of the foot. It is the largest ligament but is actually comprised of several sections all fused together. This ligament prevents (eversion) of