世界近代历史知识(国外英语资料).doc

世界近代历史知识 The modern history of the world refers to the emergence and development of capitalism, and gradually the formation of a world capitalist system and the transition to imperialism. The development of capitalism, capitalism and feudalism and the formation of the capitalist world system; the development of the international labor movement and socialist movement; the oppressed nation against aggression and colonial struggle; complex international relations after the formation of the whole world, constitute the main content of modern world history. The dominant part is the history of capitalism. The contradiction between the contradictions of capitalism and feudalism, the proletariat, conflicts with the bourgeois capitalist suzerain contradictions, with the colonial and semi colonial countries and regions of the capitalist countries, is the basic contradiction of modern world history. The modern world is divided into official capitalism stage, handicraft industry and the development of the early bourgeois revolution period, the age of the steam engine and the electric era of industrial capitalism stage, and the stage of monopoly capitalism. The rise of capitalist system (from 14 to seventeenth Century), at this stage, the general feature is that the feudal system disintegrated, capitalism rise. Because of the development of productive forces, in 14 and fifteenth Century, the handicraft workshop and commercial activities with capitalist nature appeared in Europe, and the relations of feudal production began to waver. The opening of the new route has gradually merged the worlds mutual isolation into a unified whole, creating conditions for the formation of the world market, and promoting the disintegration of the feudal system and the growth of capitalism. The Renaissance and religious reform have relieved the spiritual shackles for the development of capitalism and greatly promoted the ideological emancipation of the people. On this basis, the Netherlands revolut