物理比赛教材9(国外英语资料).doc

物理竞赛讲义9 electric field I. knowledge networks or summaries: 1, Coulombs law, the law of conservation of electricity 2, the electric field intensity, electric field line, point charge field strength and field strength are superposed, and the inside and outside field strength of the uniformly charged spherical shell is superposed 3 、 conductor and electrostatic shield in electric field 4, potential, potential difference, equipotential surface and electric field of point charge potential formula and the superposition principle of electric potential and electric potential 5. Connection of capacitance and capacitor, capacitance formula of parallel plate capacitor, electric energy of dielectric capacitor, polarization of dielectric and dielectric constant Two, knowledge analysis and training I. Analysis of attribute points of electric field force and energy First, Coulombs law describes the interaction between two charges in a vacuum. When a charged body can not be regarded as the point load, the charged body split into many small parts (each a small part can be seen as a point charge), a small part of each application of Coulombs law for electrostatic force, finally for the small part of the static electricity. The R in Coulombs law is the distance between the centers of the two charges. If the distance between two charged ball center R is far greater than the radius of the ball, the ball is on the charge distribution is not uniform, so the charged ball cannot be regarded as a point charge, Coulomb force calculation cannot use Coulombs law is the size of the Coulomb force and discussion can be seen as a point charge calculated Coulomb force is too large or too small? Two, as long as there is a charge, t